Spectro-analytical and In Vitro Biological Studies of Novel Nalidixic acid Hydrazone and Its Transition Metal Complexes

Abstract

The novel and potential chelating agent derived from Nalidixic acid and its binary Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) metal complexes have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, ¹H-NMR, Mass, UV-Vis, FT-IR, TGA, SEM-EDX, ESR and magnetic susceptibility measurements.  All the systems of present study screened for antimicrobial activity against bacterial species Bacillus (Gram +) and Escherichia coli (Gram -) and fungal species Sclerotium rolfsii and Macrophomina phaseolina inferred enhanced activity in metal complexes over unbound free chelating agent.  The interaction studies of metal complexes with Calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) investigated by UV-Visible and fluorescence titrations revealed the intercalation mode of binding.  The interaction of compounds with CT-DNA evaluated for nucleage activity by agarose gel electrophoresis assay indicated their potential cleavage property.  Further MTT assay performed on HeLa (human cervical cancer) and A549 (human lung tumor) cell lines revealed the IC₅₀ values for title compounds studied.  In addition computer-aided molecular docking technique carried out with all title compounds employing molecular target DNA (PDB ID: 1N37) furnished docking scores and mode of binding for geometry optimized molecular structures of title compounds.